Antoine, I have addressed your concern "Well, the quality of the hash function is clearly reduced" in patch http://hg.python.org/features/pep-456/rev/765930d944a5

>>> s = set()
>>> for i in range(256):
...     s.add(hash("abcdfeg" + chr(i)) & 0xff)
... 
>>> len(s)
256
>>> s = set()
>>> for i in range(256):
...     s.add(hash("abcdfeghabcdefg" + chr(i)) & 0xff)
... 
>>> len(s)
256